For Common Eye Problems and other Patient Information, please go to the American Optometric Association website www.aoa.org

Choosing an Eyecare Professional Optometrist

What is a Doctor of Optometry?

Doctors of optometry are independent primary health care providers who examine, diagnose, treat and manage diseases and disorders of the visual system, the eye and associated structures as well as diagnose related systemic conditions.

They examine the internal and external structure of the eyes to diagnose and treat eye diseases like glaucoma, cataracts and retinal disorders; systemic diseases like hypertension and diabetes; and vision conditions like nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism and presbyopia. Optometrists also do testing to determine the patient's ability to focus and coordinate the eyes, and to judge depth and see colors accurately.

They generally have a bachelors degree and four years of optometry school. In some cases they also undergo a residency.

They prescribe eyeglasses and contact lenses, low vision aids, vision therapy and medicines to treat eye diseases.

As primary eye care providers, optometrists are an integral part of the health care team and an entry point into the health care system. They are skilled in the CO-management of care that affects the eye health and vision of their patients and an excellent source of referral to other health care professionals.

Ophthalmologist

An ophthalmologist is a surgical specialist who generally has a bachelor's degree, and 4 years of medical school followed by a residency where he/she is trained in eye surgery and eye disease. Ophthalmologists mainly perform surgery and treat diseases of the eye and surrounding structures, but may also prescribe glasses, and contact lenses.

Optician

Opticians are skilled craftsmen who manufacture lenses and optical devices. They fit, supply, repair and adjust devices that have been prescribed by an optometrist or ophthalmologist. They cannot prescribe glasses, contact lenses, or drugs.